Since their arrival in France in 2004, Asian hornets have threatened hives and bees. These predators can capture up to 50 bees per hour, weakening colonies.
In response to this scourge, innovative solutions have emerged. Among them, the electric harp stands out for its ecological effectiveness. Some devices capture more than 200 hornets per day.
This article explores the principle behind this tool and compares the available models. You will discover how to protect your hives without harming pollinators.
Asian hornets: a threat to bees
The spread of Asian hornets in Europe is a major challenge for beekeepers. These formidable predators especially target hives during the summer and autumn periods.
The devastating impact on colonies
Hornets attack relentlessly, capturing up to 50 bees per hour. This frantic pace causes intense stress within colonies. Some eventually abandon their habitat.
The apiary at Prény, in Meurthe-et-Moselle, clearly illustrates this phenomenon. Despite a fight against these invaders, nearly 100 colonies are lost there every year.
The limits of conventional methods
Traditional methods show their limits against this invasion. Trapping alone is not enough to protect hives.
Using rackets takes too much time, around 30 minutes a day. Chemical solutions, meanwhile, carry risks for the environment and for the bees themselves.
According to a recent study, nest destruction remains complex and costly. A more effective approach is therefore needed to safeguard our pollinators.
The principle of the electric harp
To counter Asian hornets effectively, technology offers an ingenious solution. This system combines precision and safety for bees while eliminating predators.
How hornet electrocution works
The device is based on an open circuit. When a hornet touches two wires at the same time, its wingspan, wider than that of bees, closes the circuit.
A 1,000-volt discharge instantly neutralizes it. Bees, being too small, pass safely between the wires, which are spaced 22 mm apart.
The wire layout and the role of the battery
The stainless steel wires are stretched across a sturdy PVC frame. A 20 W battery powers the whole unit, often paired with a solar panel for extended autonomy.
A container of soapy water placed under the structure collects the electrocuted hornets. At night, switching the device off protects moths.
The different models of electric harps
Given the wide range of beekeepers’ needs, several versions of this device have appeared. Each model offers features suited to specific uses.
Autonomous solar harps
Ideal for isolated apiaries, these versions include a solar panel. They can operate for weeks without human intervention.
A beekeeper from the Alpes-Maritimes reports: “Our device has been capturing nearly 200 hornets a day since it was installed.” A south/southwest orientation, with a 15 to 30° tilt, optimizes their output.
DIY assembly kits
For handy beekeepers, kits make it possible to customize the frame. Assembly does, however, require precautions with the electrical components.
The main advantage lies in adapting the device to the dimensions of the apiary. Wooden frames blend perfectly into the environment.
Professional versions
Among the market references, the Mellon’Harp stands out for its waterproof housing. The Harpe O’TILT, at €399, combines robustness with ease of commissioning.
These devices use premium steel wires for increased longevity. Their adjustable power is suitable for large operations.
To learn about the history of these innovations, see the evolution of technologies applied to bee protection.
Optimizing the effectiveness of the electric harp
To maximize results, a carefully planned installation is essential. Several technical parameters and practical tips make the difference.
Strategic placement near the hives
First observe the hornets’ flight paths around the apiary. These predators follow precise aerial routes when attacking bees.
Position the frame perpendicular to these routes. A study in Dordogne shows a 40% gain in effectiveness after repositioning.
Using a container of soapy water
The ideal mixture combines 10 liters of water and 5% black soap. This formula breaks the surface tension, quickly drowning the hornets.
Check the level daily. Evaporation over three days can reduce the pressure on colonies. For large apiaries, collection gutters provide a practical alternative.
When and how to adjust the position
A complementary bait, such as syrup or alcohol, attracts hornets toward the active area. Adjust the height according to the season: lower in autumn, during intensive attacks.
Example: in Vaucluse, one beekeeper adjusts his device every week. This routine protects his apiary with optimal consistency.
Conclusion: the electric harp, a promising solution
The fight against Asian hornets is entering a new era. The results at Prény prove it: colonies stabilize thanks to this selective method. Autonomy and ecology make it a key tool.
Future versions will include smart detectors to strengthen effectiveness. One expert confirms: “It is essential for saving beekeeping.” Combine it with nest reporting through the INPN for maximum impact.
In this critical period, adopt these devices as a network. Manufacturers such as Apiprotection guarantee fast delivery. Act now to protect your hives sustainably.